|
The Tribal class, or ''Afridi'' class, were a class of destroyers built for the Royal Navy, Royal Canadian Navy and Royal Australian Navy that saw service in World War II. Originally conceived during design studies for a light fleet cruiser,〔 the Tribals evolved into fast, powerful destroyers, with greater emphasis on guns over torpedoes than previous destroyers, in response to new designs by Japan, Italy, and Germany.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=U-boat.net – Allied Warships – Tribal class Destroyers )〕 The Tribals were well admired by their crews and the public when they were in service due to their power, often becoming symbols of prestige while in service. As some of the Royal Navy's most modern and powerful escort ships, the Tribal class served with distinction in nearly all theatres of World War II. Only a handful of Royal Navy Tribals survived the war, all of which were subsequently scrapped from hard use, while Commonwealth Tribals continued to serve into the Cold War, serving with distinction in the Korean War. Only one Tribal survives to this day: , which is now a museum ship in Hamilton Harbour, Ontario, Canada. ==Design history== From 1926, all Royal Navy destroyers had descended from a common lineage based upon the prototypes and . During the interwar period, advances in armament and machinery meant that by the mid-1930s, these "interwar standard" destroyers were being eclipsed by foreign designs, particularly from Japan, Italy, and Germany.〔 To counteract this trend, the Admiralty decided on a new destroyer type, with an emphasis on gunnery over torpedo warfare. The destroyer was based on 'Design V', a design study for a small fleet cruiser (another variant of this design evolved into the ). This design envisioned a 1,850-ton ship with a speed of , an endurance of , and five twin 4.7 inch guns as main armament. Although the design was rejected for the fleet cruiser role,〔 by August 1935, after no less than eight design proposals,〔 it had evolved to present a destroyer with eight 4.7 inch Quick Firing Mark XII guns, in four twin mountings, with a maximum elevation of 40°,〔 controlled by a low-angle (LA) director and high-angle / low-angle (HA/LA) rangefinder director on the bridge.〔 To provide close range anti-aircraft protection, the design was fitted with a quadruple Mark VII QF 2 pdr "pom pom" mounting, and two quadruple Vickers .50-inch machine guns. These ships introduced the Fuze Keeping Clock High Angle Fire Control Computer, which was used on all subsequent British wartime destroyers.〔Destroyer Weapons of WW2, Hodges/Friedman, ISBN 0-85177-137-8〕 The ships were also armed with a quadruple bank of torpedo tubes.〔 They were considered to be handsome ships,〔 with a clipper bow that provided excellent seakeeping〔 and two raked funnels and masts. They are remembered with great affection to this day.〔 The Tribals were so much larger and differed so much from other British destroyers in service that the resurrection of the corvette classification was considered for them.〔 This did not go ahead, and by 1939, the Tribals were classified as destroyers, with the corvette designation going to mass-produced anti-submarine escorts such as the .〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tribal-class destroyer (1936)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|